我国物流业2019年发展回顾与2020年展望

2019年是中华人民共和国成立70周年,也是物流业稳中有进、变中求新的一年。面对严峻形势,我国物流业顶住下行压力,实现平稳运行,取得多方面进展。具体而言,一是社会物流需求增速持续放缓,总体运行缓中趋稳;二是物流需求结构持续优化,物流供给结构稳步升级,供需结构加速调整;三是科技应用引领数智化转型,科技赋能物流数智化、平台化;四是新兴的供应链服务企业向标准化发展迈出了重要一步,供应链创新发展进入新阶段,现代供应链成为新亮点;五是物流基础设施网络加快升级,物流枢纽网络建设进入实质推进阶段,助力枢纽经济发展;六是物流业"走出去"空间加大,国际物流打开对外开放新局面,我国对外投资合作与对外援助执行保持平稳有序健康发展;七是绿色物流配合污染防治攻坚战,绿色可持续物流取得新进展;八是物流政策落地,物流企业获得感增强,从业人员稳定性增强,物流营商环境持续改善。2020年,我国经济稳中向好的基本趋势不会改变,物流业平稳增长的总体方向不会改变,物流业主要经济指标将继续保持平稳增长,但物流业下行压力依然较大,发展不平衡、不充分矛盾依然比较突出,与人民群众日益增长的美好生活需要和现代化经济体系建设的要求相比依然存在差距,高质量发展任重道远。在新的一年里,为更好地推动我国物流业发展,一要平衡物流稳增长与高质量发展关系,决胜全面建成小康社会;二要坚持目标导向,探索新时代物流业发展的新使命新要求;三要突出新发展理念,推动传统数量型降成本向效率型降成本转变;四要深化产业联动融合,从低水平粗放式发展向精细化、高品质发展转变;五要坚持科技引领和技术驱动,激发物流业高质量发展新动能;六要推进国家物流枢纽联盟工程和全国百家骨干物流园区互联互通工程,建设物流基础设施网络;七要配合"一带一路"倡议,推动国际物流合作与交流;八要进一步处理好政府与市场、国家与地方、市场与企业的关系,营造政府、企业与协会合力推动物流业高质量发展的产业生态圈。     

“三链对接,双元协同,多方共享”的产教融合育人平台的搭建与实践

针对目前职业教育产教融合综合指数不高、学生硬核实力与实际岗位脱节、教师四大职能与行业企业实践脱节以及育人目标与产业需求存在“隐形壁垒”等问题,对接产业链、人才链和创新链,校企双方从专业组建、基地建设、课程开发、技术创新、团队打造、人才培养等方面协同共建,构建了多方共享的产教融合育人平台,打造产教融合型的命运共同体。     

浅谈新形势下如何稳定青年员工队伍

青年员工是保证企业可持续发展的生力军,构建稳定的青年员工队伍关系到企业的长远发展。随着社会经济的不断发展,青年员工的诉求日趋多元化。如何立足于新形势构建稳定的青年员工队伍是企业经营管理的重要内容。论文以新形势下青年员工队伍建设面临的机遇与挑战作为切入点,阐述影响青年员工稳定性的因素,最后提出稳定青年员工的具体对策,以期提升企业后备军的质量。     

内部控制、僵尸企业与审计特征

以2010—2017年深沪两市全部A股上市公司为研究样本，分析僵尸企业的审计特征并探讨内部控制对两者关系的调节效应。研究发现：相比于非僵尸企业，僵尸企业具有倾向于支付更低的审计费用、更有可能收到非标意见和更有可能选择非高质量审计师进行审计的特征，同时，僵尸企业内部控制环境更差。进一步研究发现，更高的内部控制质量使得僵尸企业更有可能收到标准无保留的审计意见，但非僵尸企业审计收费更高且更有可能选择高质量审计师。基于产权性质的进一步研究发现：（1）国有僵尸企业支付更低的审计费用，且中央国企支付的审计费用更低；（2）民营僵尸企业更有可能收到非标审计意见；（3）民营僵尸企业和地方国有僵尸企业更有可能选择非高质量审计师进行审计，且地方国有僵尸企业倾向性更强。从公司治理角度研究僵尸企业的审计特征，为识别僵尸企业提供了经验证据。     

加强新时代高校宿舍舍长队伍建设,助力“00后”大学生成长成才

加强新时代高校宿舍舍长队伍建设,更有利于积极发挥高校宿舍育人阵地的作用,高校宿舍舍长在教育管理工作中的重要性不可忽视。论文提出从提高新时代宿舍舍长工作的站位、加强宿舍舍长的角色认同与培养、加强宿舍舍长管理机制的制度建设三个方面,加强高校宿舍舍长队伍的建设,助力新时代“00后”大学生的成长成才。     

新媒体时代大学生思想政治教育面临的挑战及对策

随着科技日新月异,新媒体的广泛传播与应用成为社会的主潮流,尤其对当代大学生的学习与生活产生一定影响。新媒体环境下,知识传播呈现出多样性、开放性的特点,大学生获取内容的方式愈发多元化与自由化。同时,传统的思想政治教育不断受到挑战,大学生对于陈旧、平淡的思想政治教育的兴趣逐渐缺失。新媒体的出现吸引了大学生的关注,是具有创新性与时代性的发展。但随着新媒体的革新,大学生在潜移默化中树立了不同的“三观”,使其思想文化与道德素质都发生了巨大改变。因此,在新媒体广泛应用的时代,有效利用新媒体开展大学生的思想政治教育是非常必要的。     

政工思想教育结合人力资源管理在企业中的应用分析

当前,人力资源是企业发展中重要的影响因素,也是企业竞争力提升的关键,但是受社会上多元化思潮的影响导致企业员工的思想被剧烈冲击,使企业人力资源管理工作的难度加大。因此,需要将人力资源管理工作与政工思想教育结合,通过政工思想教育对企业员工的职业道德、思想等进行强化,增强企业人员的责任意识以及企业内部的凝聚力。论文主要对政工思想教育结合人力资源管理工作的可行性进行分析,并对二者结合的现状进行总结,最后提出相应的结合对策。     

Voting with your feet: Political competition and internal migration in the United States

Do people “vote with their feet” in response to a lack of political competition? Since political competition is associated with higher growth and welfare, with the free movement of labour, we argue that it should also encourage inward migration. We test this hypothesis by using data from the US and find a strong positive relation between political competition and net migration. This result is robust to alternative specifications, alternative samples and addressing endogeneity using the Voting Rights Act to instrument for political competition. The effect is economically large, specifically, we find that an increase in political competition in the order of magnitude observed in US Southern states during the post-war period leads to an increase in net migration by between 27 and 44 individuals per 1000 population.     

The HRM–capital market link: Effects of securities analysts on strategic human capital

This article develops theory about an agency problem affecting the strategic human capital (SHC) of the firm. It proposes three categories of SHC‐related choices managers must make that imply a trade‐off between near‐ and long‐term performance. Dispersed shareholding, firm coverage by securities analysts, and their practice of publishing quarterly earnings forecasts are argued to entail a bias in management incentives, shifting the balance in this trade‐off toward near‐term performance. To restore the balance, securities analysts would need to distinguish transitory from recurring effects of SHC‐related choices in their valuation models (e.g., treating certain labor cost savings during cyclical downturns as transitory). Restoring the balance would also require them to anticipate long‐term effects in their long‐term earnings forecasts (e.g., long‐term positive effects of retaining employees with valuable skills during cyclical downturns). The article discusses specific transitory cost effects and long‐term effects they could potentially take into account. The skills and incentives needed by analysts to account for such effects are argued to vary across firm segments.     

Capitalization of land development rights in rural China: A choice experiment on individuals’ preferences in peri-urban Shanghai

The capitalization of land development rights is acknowledged as the key to improving compensations for rural landholders and ameliorating land-related social conflicts in peri-urban China. Investigations into reasonable as well as feasible compensation standards and the capitalization mechanism are yet to be done. This study uses a survey-based choice experiment to empirically estimate the value of land development rights in peri-urban Shanghai for three forms of rural land conversion – acquisition, consolidation and (informal) sale. The results show that heterogeneity across individuals’ preferences translates into different utilities from land development, which affects individual’s willingness to participate in this process. This effect is found to be the strongest for land sales on the informal market. If, however, land conversion is managed by local governments and rural collectives, the expected utilities of individuals have no significant effect on the amount of land development. The results suggest that capitalizing land development rights under consideration of land attributes and individuals’ preferences would lift compensation standard to a level that strikes a balance among competing land-related interests. In addition, it would promote China’s land development by bypassing the institutional constraints imposed by the current land tenure system.